Kaolin is a kind of non-metallic mineral, is a kind of clay and clay rock mainly composed of kaolinite group clay minerals. Pure kaolin is white, delicate, soft soil, with good plasticity and fire resistance and other physical and chemical properties. Its mineral composition mainly consists of kaolinite, halloysite, hydromica, illite, montmorillonite, quartz, feldspar and other minerals. Kaolin has many luster, pure white and fine texture, such as gray, yellow and brown when it contains impurities. Depending on the cause of formation, the appearance may be loose lump and dense rock block. The density is 2.54-2.60 g/cm³. The melting point is about 1785 degrees centigrade. It has plasticity, and the wet soil can be molded into various shapes without breaking, and can remain unchanged for a long time. At present, there are more than 700 kaolin deposits in China. The proven reserves of 200 kaolin deposits are 3 billion tons, and the deposits are scattered. Among them, 1.67 billion tons of coal measures kaolin is mainly distributed in the Carboniferous-Permian coal measures in the north-east and northwest of China, and exists in the form of coal seams containing gangue, roof and floor or a single ore bed.
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