Introduction

Xuanwuyan (basalt), mainly composed of oceanic crust, belongs to basic volcanic rocks. It is the most important component of the earth's oceanic crust and lunar sea, and also the important component of the earth's continental crust and lunar land. Basalt is a basic extrusive rock. Its chemical composition is similar to gabbro. The content of SiO₂ varies from 45% to 52%, the content of K₂O + Na₂O is slightly higher than that of intrusive rock, and the content of CaO, Fe₂O₃  + FeO and MgO is slightly lower than that of intrusive rock. Minerals are mainly composed of basic feldspar and pyroxene. Secondary minerals are olivine, hornblende and biotite. Rocks are dark, generally black, sometimes grey-green and dark purple. A porphyritic structure. Stomatal structure and almond structure are common. The volume density of the basalt is 2.8-3.3 g/cm³, and the compressive strength of the compacted basalt is very high, up to 300 MPa, sometimes higher. The strength decreases with the presence of vitreous and stomata. The basalt is highly durable and jointed, and the joints are hexagonal. Because of its brittleness, it is difficult to extract large blocks of stone. Because of the common stomatal and almond structures, although basalt is widely distributed on the surface, it can not be used as a decorative stone.

Basalt Processing technology

In recent years, with the development of urbanization and infrastructure construction, the demand for basalt has become more vigorous, and the investment prospects of basalt have become very clear. At the same time, the production demand of basalt also provides more opportunities for the development of mining machinery and technological equipment such as crushers, sand-making machines, grinders and so on. The performance of basalt sand making machine plays an irreplaceable role in all kinds of ore crushing equipment. It can break all kinds of hard rock (mountain stone, granite, basalt, limestone, River pebble, etc.) metal non-metallic ore into sand and gravel with all kinds of granularity. The granularity of sand is uniform and the compressive strength is high. Compared with natural sand and hammer-broken sand, it can meet the requirements of high standard building sand and improve the quality and quantity of building. Basalt sand production line process: through the feeder into coarse crushing equipment, coarse crushed aggregate into fine crusher for secondary crushing and shaping, and then conveyed to the screening device by belt machine aggregate classification, to meet the needs of finished aggregate, excess and graded aggregate into the sand production equipment, Xuan After crushing, the aggregate of the rocky sand making machine is conveyed again through the belt conveyor to the screening workshop for grading. In this way, the crushing device, sand making device and screening device form a closed-circuit cycle, and the material is processed into the required finished aggregate. Artificial sand and stone materials can be produced by dry or wet method. Considering environmental protection and water saving, sand classification can be carried out by air separator, which is conducive to environmental protection and the adjustment and control of stone powder content at any time.
Basalt is the best material for repairing runways of highways, railways and airports. It has the advantages of strong compression resistance, low crushing value, strong corrosion resistance and asphalt adhesion. Basalt has the advantages of wear resistance, less water intake, poor electrical conductivity, strong compression resistance, low crushing value, strong corrosion resistance and asphalt adhesion. Internationally recognized, it is the best cornerstone for developing railway transportation and road transport. Basalt is also a good raw material for producing "cast stone". "Cast stone" is a material made of melting, casting and annealing of basalt. It is harder and more wear-resistant than alloy steel, and is more resistant to corrosion than lead and rubber. Basalt also acts as a "lubricant" in an advanced steel casting process, which can prolong the life of the cast film. At the same time, the basalt can also be drawn into glass fiber, than the general glass cloth alkali resistance, high temperature resistance. Among them, the porous basalt, also known as pumice, has many pores and hard texture. It can be mixed into concrete to reduce the weight of concrete. It is not only strong and durable, but also has the characteristics of sound insulation and heat insulation. It is a good aggregate for lightweight concrete in high-rise buildings. Pumice is also a very good grinding material, can be used to grind metal, abrasive stone; in industry can also be used as filters, dryers, catalysts and so on.

Application fields Through the deep processing, Basalt can be widely used in the following industries.

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